Core NLP Tasks

Fundamental tasks and applications in Natural Language Processing

Core NLP Tasks

Natural Language Processing encompasses several fundamental tasks that form the building blocks for more complex applications.

Text Classification

Sentiment Analysis

  • Binary classification
  • Multi-class sentiment
  • Aspect-based sentiment
  • Emotion detection

Topic Classification

  • Document categorization
  • News classification
  • Intent classification
  • Multi-label classification

Named Entity Recognition (NER)

Entity Types

  • Person names
  • Organizations
  • Locations
  • Dates and numbers
  • Custom entities

Implementation Approaches

  • Rule-based systems
  • Statistical models
  • Deep learning approaches
  • Hybrid systems

Part-of-Speech Tagging

POS Categories

  • Nouns, verbs, adjectives
  • Language-specific tags
  • Universal POS tags
  • Fine-grained categories

Tagging Methods

  • Rule-based tagging
  • Statistical taggers
  • Neural taggers
  • Hybrid approaches

Machine Translation

Translation Approaches

  • Statistical MT
  • Neural MT
  • Hybrid systems
  • Zero-shot translation

Challenges

  • Language pairs
  • Cultural context
  • Idiomatic expressions
  • Quality evaluation

Text Summarization

Extractive Summarization

  • Sentence scoring
  • Graph-based methods
  • Neural approaches
  • Evaluation metrics

Abstractive Summarization

  • Sequence-to-sequence models
  • Attention mechanisms
  • Copy mechanisms
  • Beam search

Question Answering

Types of QA Systems

  • Factoid QA
  • Open-domain QA
  • Reading comprehension
  • Conversational QA

Implementation Strategies

  • Information retrieval
  • Neural readers
  • Knowledge graphs
  • Hybrid approaches

Text Generation

Language Modeling

  • N-gram models
  • Neural language models
  • Transformer-based models
  • Evaluation methods

Applications

  • Story generation
  • Dialog systems
  • Code generation
  • Text completion

Best Practices

  1. Data preparation
  2. Model selection
  3. Evaluation strategies
  4. Error analysis
  5. Performance optimization

Common Challenges

  • Data quality
  • Model complexity
  • Computational resources
  • Scalability
  • Interpretability

Tools and Frameworks

  • spaCy
  • NLTK
  • Stanford NLP
  • Transformers
  • AllenNLP
  • Text Preprocessing
  • Model Architectures
  • Evaluation Metrics
  • Deployment Strategies